FILE - Prisoners' beds stand in a barracks in a museum housed in a former prison camp, some 110 kilomeeters (69 miles) northeast of the Siberian city of Perm, Russia, on March 6, 2015. Historians estimate that under Soviet dictator Josef Stalin, 700,000 people were executed during the height of his purges in 1937-38. In modern Russia, former inmates, their relatives and human rights advocates paint a bleak picture of the prison system that is descended from the USSR's gulag. For political prisoners, life inside is a grim reality of physical and psychological pressure. (AP Photo/Alexander Agafonov, File)
(AP Illustration/Peter Hamlin)
FILE - Warden Lt. Col. Leonid Siliverstov, left, stands in a cell with inmates on June 6, 2002, at the Sergiev Posad pretrial holding facility about 80 kilometers (50 miles) north of Moscow. Former inmates, their relatives and human rights advocates paint a bleak picture of Russia’s prison system that is descended from the USSR's gulag. For political prisoners, life inside is a grim reality of physical and psychological pressure. (AP Photo, File)
FILE - This photo taken from video shows a view of the prison colony in the town of Kharp, in the Yamalo-Nenetsk region about 1,900 kilometers (1,200 miles) northeast of Moscow, Russia, on Tuesday, Feb. 20, 2024. The penal colony is where opposition leader Alexei Navalny died on Feb. 16, 2024, according to Russian prison officials. (AP Photo, File)
FILE – An unidentified prisoner holds a piece of bread inside Corrective Labor Colony No. 22 in the village of Leplei, some 600 kilometers (375 miles) southeast of Moscow, on Nov. 13, 1996. Former inmates, their relatives and human rights advocates paint a bleak picture of Russia’s prison system that is descended from the USSR's gulag. For political prisoners, life inside is a grim reality of physical and psychological pressure. (AP Photo/Alexander Zemlianichenko, File)
FILE - Oleg Navalny, the brother of Alexey Navalny, poses for media in Berlin, Germany, on Jan. 24, 2023, inside a replica of a punishment cell where the Russian opposition leader spent time in 2022. For political prisoners, life in Russia's penal colonies and labor camps is a grim reality of physical and psychological pressure, insufficient food, poor health care, sleep deprivation and arbitrary rules that are impossible to obey. Now, with the still-unexplained death of Alexei Navalny this month in an Arctic prison, human rights advocates fear that no one behind bars is safe. (AP Photo/Markus Schreiber, File)
FILE - A double fence that is part of a museum commemorating victims of Soviet-era political repressions, stands inside a former prison camp, some 110 kilometers (69 miles) northeast of the Siberian city of Perm, Russia, on March 6, 2015. Historians estimate that under Soviet dictator Josef Stalin, 700,000 people were executed during the height of his purges in 1937-38. In modern Russia, former inmates, their relatives and human rights advocates paint a bleak picture of the prison system that is descended from the USSR's gulag. For political prisoners, life inside is a grim reality of physical and psychological pressure. (AP Photo/Alexander Agafonov, File)
(AP Illustration/Peter Hamlin)
FILE - Prisoners walk inside Corrective Labor Colony No. 22 in the village of Leplei, some 600 kilometers (375 miles) southeast of Moscow, on Nov. 13, 1996. Former inmates, their relatives and human rights advocates paint a bleak picture of Russia’s prison system that is descended from the USSR's gulag. For political prisoners, life inside is a grim reality of physical and psychological pressure. (AP Photo/Alexander Zemlianichenko, File)
FILE - Russian opposition activist Vladimir Kara-Murza, standing in a defendants’ cage, speaks with his lawyer in a courtroom in Moscow, Russia, on July 31, 2023. Kara-Murza was convicted of treason in 2023 for denouncing the conflict in Ukraine and is serving a 25-year prison term in a Siberian prison colony, the stiffest sentence for a Kremlin critic in modern Russia. (AP Photo/Dmitry Serebryakov, File)
FILE - Andrei Pivovarov, former head of the Open Russia movement, stands in a defendants’ cage during court in Krasnodar, Russia, on June 2, 2021. Pivovarov is serving four years in prison for running a banned political organization. He must clean his solitary confinement cell for several hours a day and listen to recordings of prison regulations, according to his wife, Tatyana Usmanova. (AP Photo, File)
FILE - Russian opposition activist Vladimir Kara-Murza gestures while standing in a defendants’ cage in a courtroom in Moscow, Russia, on July 31, 2023. Kara-Murza was convicted of treason over a speech denouncing the conflict in Ukraine. He is serving a 25-year prison term in a Siberian prison colony, the stiffest sentence for a Kremlin critic in modern Russia. (AP Photo, File)
FILE - A man holds portrait of a victim of Soviet-era political repression as other people lay flowers and light candles at a monument in front of the former KGB headquarters in Moscow, Russia, on Oct. 29, 2018, to remember victims of Soviet dictator Josef Stalin. The monument is a large stone from the Solovetsky Islands, where the USSR’s gulag prison system was established. (AP Photo/Alexander Zemlianichenko, File)
FILE - Alexei Gorinov holds a sign reading, "I am against the war," while standing in a defendants’ cage in a courtroom in Moscow, Russia, on June 21, 2022. Gorinov is serving seven years for speaking out against Russia sending troops to Ukraine. His supporters say he suffers from a respiratory condition and his health has deteriorated during six weeks in solitary confinement. (AP Photo, File)
(AP Illustration/Peter Hamlin)
FILE - Prisoners inside Moscow's 18th century Butyrka prison talk to officials and a visiting British delegation on June 5, 2002. Former inmates, their relatives and human rights advocates paint a bleak picture of Russia’s prison system that is descended from the USSR's gulag. For political prisoners, life inside is a grim reality of physical and psychological pressure. (AP Photo, File)
FILE - In this handout photo taken from video provided by the Moscow City Court on Feb. 2, 2021, Russian opposition leader Alexei Navalny shows a heart symbol while standing in a defendants’ cage during a hearing in the Moscow City Court in Moscow, Russia. Navalny, who died in an Arctic penal colony on Feb. 16, spent months in punishment cells for infractions like not buttoning his uniform properly or not putting his hands behind his back when required. (Moscow City Court via AP, File)
FILE - Penal Colony No. 2, known for its particularly harsh conditions, is seen in Pokrov, in the Vladimir region, 85 kilometers (53 miles) east of Moscow, Russia, on Feb. 28, 2021. Former inmates, their relatives and human rights advocates paint a bleak picture of Russia’s prison system that is descended from the USSR's gulag. For political prisoners, life inside is a grim reality of physical and psychological pressure. (AP Photo/Kirill Zarubin, File)
FILE - Russian opposition leader Alexei Navalny is seen via a video link to a courtroom in Moscow, Russia, on Oct. 18, 2022. Navalny, who died in a remote Arctic penal colony on Feb. 16, 2024, spent months inside a punishment cell for such infractions as not buttoning his uniform properly or not putting his hands behind his back when required. (AP Photo, File)
FILE - Police officers in face masks to protect against the coronavirus stand guard at Penal Colony No. 2 in Pokrov in the Vladimir region, 85 kilometers (53 miles) east of Moscow, Russia, on April 6, 2021. The sign outside the colony, known for its strict conditions, reads "Security zone." Former inmates, their relatives and human rights advocates paint a bleak picture of Russia’s prison system that is descended from the USSR's gulag. For political prisoners, life inside is a grim reality of physical and psychological pressure. (AP Photo/Denis Kaminev, File)
(AP Illustration/Peter Hamlin)
FILE - Nadezhda Tolokonnikova, center, a member of the Pussy Riot punk group, smiles in front of journalists as she stands in front of a police line outside a court in Moscow, Russia, Feb. 24, 2014. Tolokonnikova, who was in prison for nearly 22 months in 2012-13, recalls working 16-18-hour shifts sewing uniforms while at Penal Colony No. 14 in the Mordovia region, (AP Photo/Alexander Zemlianichenko, File)
FILE - A replica of Russian opposition leader Alexei Navalny's jail cell from last year that was installed on a square near the Louvre Museum in Paris is pictured on March 14, 2023. For political prisoners, life in Russia's penal colonies and labor camps is a grim reality of physical and psychological pressure, insufficient food, poor health care, sleep deprivation and arbitrary rules that are impossible to obey. Now, with Navalny’s still-unexplained death this momth in an Arctic penal colony, human rights advocates fear that no one behind bars is safe. (AP Photo/Thomas Padilla, File)
FILE - A view of the entrance of the prison colony in the town of Kharp, in the Yamalo-Nenetsk region about 1,900 kilometers (1,200 miles) northeast of Moscow, Russia, on Sunday, Feb. 18, 2024. The penal colony is where opposition leader Alexei Navalny died on Feb. 16, 2024, according to Russian prison officials. (AP Photo, File)