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Residents pass by the shuttered Text&Image bookstore in Shanghai, Oct. 9, 2024. (AP Photo/Andy Wong)

Residents pass by the shuttered Text&Image bookstore in Shanghai, Oct. 9, 2024. (AP Photo/Andy Wong)

Yu Miao, owner of JF Books, speaks to The Associated Press in his bookstore in Washington, Thursday, Oct. 3, 2024. (AP Photo/Ben Curtis)

Yu Miao, owner of JF Books, speaks to The Associated Press in his bookstore in Washington, Thursday, Oct. 3, 2024. (AP Photo/Ben Curtis)

A man stands near what is formerly a branch of the Jiazazhi bookstore in Shanghai, Oct. 10, 2024. (AP Photo/Andy Wong)

A man stands near what is formerly a branch of the Jiazazhi bookstore in Shanghai, Oct. 10, 2024. (AP Photo/Andy Wong)

Yu Miao, owner of JF Books, poses for a photograph in his bookstore in Washington, Thursday, Oct. 3, 2024. (AP Photo/Ben Curtis)

Yu Miao, owner of JF Books, poses for a photograph in his bookstore in Washington, Thursday, Oct. 3, 2024. (AP Photo/Ben Curtis)

The shuttered Text&Image bookstore is seen in Shanghai, Oct. 9, 2024. (AP Photo/Andy Wong)

The shuttered Text&Image bookstore is seen in Shanghai, Oct. 9, 2024. (AP Photo/Andy Wong)

Secondhand bookstore owner Wang Yingxing bundles books at a storage shed near his shuttered shop in Ningbo, in eastern China's Zhejiang province, Oct. 9, 2024. (AP Photo/Dake Kang)

Secondhand bookstore owner Wang Yingxing bundles books at a storage shed near his shuttered shop in Ningbo, in eastern China's Zhejiang province, Oct. 9, 2024. (AP Photo/Dake Kang)

Yu Miao, owner of JF Books, poses by a wall of photographs showing his previous bookstore in Shanghai, at his bookstore in Washington, Thursday, Oct. 3, 2024. (AP Photo/Ben Curtis)

Yu Miao, owner of JF Books, poses by a wall of photographs showing his previous bookstore in Shanghai, at his bookstore in Washington, Thursday, Oct. 3, 2024. (AP Photo/Ben Curtis)

A shuttered branch of independent bookstore chain Jiazazhi is seen in Ningbo, in eastern China's Zhejiang province, Oct. 9, 2024. (AP Photo/Dake Kang)

A shuttered branch of independent bookstore chain Jiazazhi is seen in Ningbo, in eastern China's Zhejiang province, Oct. 9, 2024. (AP Photo/Dake Kang)

Boxes filled with books are seen inside the shuttered secondhand bookstore Wang Pangzi in Ningbo, in eastern China's Zhejiang province, Oct. 9, 2024. (AP Photo/Dake Kang)

Boxes filled with books are seen inside the shuttered secondhand bookstore Wang Pangzi in Ningbo, in eastern China's Zhejiang province, Oct. 9, 2024. (AP Photo/Dake Kang)

Yu Miao, owner of JF Books, smiles as he speaks to The Associated Press in his bookstore in Washington, Thursday, Oct. 3, 2024. (AP Photo/Ben Curtis)

Yu Miao, owner of JF Books, smiles as he speaks to The Associated Press in his bookstore in Washington, Thursday, Oct. 3, 2024. (AP Photo/Ben Curtis)

A display shows signed books in the JF Books bookstore in Washington, Thursday, Oct. 3, 2024. (AP Photo/Ben Curtis)

A display shows signed books in the JF Books bookstore in Washington, Thursday, Oct. 3, 2024. (AP Photo/Ben Curtis)

\Yu Miao, owner of JF Books, poses for a photograph in his bookstore in Washington, Thursday, Oct. 3, 2024. (AP Photo/Ben Curtis)

\Yu Miao, owner of JF Books, poses for a photograph in his bookstore in Washington, Thursday, Oct. 3, 2024. (AP Photo/Ben Curtis)

A man rides past the shuttered Text&Image bookstore in Shanghai, Oct. 9, 2024. (AP Photo/Andy Wong)

A man rides past the shuttered Text&Image bookstore in Shanghai, Oct. 9, 2024. (AP Photo/Andy Wong)

Secondhand bookstore owner Wang Yingxing bundles books at a storage shed near his shuttered shop in Ningbo, in eastern China's Zhejiang province, Oct. 9, 2024. (AP Photo/Dake Kang)

Secondhand bookstore owner Wang Yingxing bundles books at a storage shed near his shuttered shop in Ningbo, in eastern China's Zhejiang province, Oct. 9, 2024. (AP Photo/Dake Kang)

Books sit stacked on shelves in the JF Books bookstore in Washington, Thursday, Oct. 3, 2024. (AP Photo/Ben Curtis)

Books sit stacked on shelves in the JF Books bookstore in Washington, Thursday, Oct. 3, 2024. (AP Photo/Ben Curtis)

A man is seen silhouetted near the shuttered branch of independent bookstore chain Jiazazhi in Ningbo, in eastern China's Zhejiang province, Oct. 9, 2024. (AP Photo/Dake Kang)

A man is seen silhouetted near the shuttered branch of independent bookstore chain Jiazazhi in Ningbo, in eastern China's Zhejiang province, Oct. 9, 2024. (AP Photo/Dake Kang)

The shuttered Text&Image bookstore is seen in Shanghai, Oct. 9, 2024. (AP Photo/Andy Wong)

The shuttered Text&Image bookstore is seen in Shanghai, Oct. 9, 2024. (AP Photo/Andy Wong)

"Fatty Wang's Bookstore" with the words "temporarily closed" spray painted on the glass wall is seen in Ningbo, in eastern China's Zhejiang province, Oct. 9, 2024. (AP Photo/Dake Kang)

"Fatty Wang's Bookstore" with the words "temporarily closed" spray painted on the glass wall is seen in Ningbo, in eastern China's Zhejiang province, Oct. 9, 2024. (AP Photo/Dake Kang)

The sign for a shuttered branch of independent bookstore chain Jiazazhi is seen in Ningbo, in eastern China's Zhejiang province, Oct. 9, 2024. (AP Photo/Dake Kang)

The sign for a shuttered branch of independent bookstore chain Jiazazhi is seen in Ningbo, in eastern China's Zhejiang province, Oct. 9, 2024. (AP Photo/Dake Kang)

Yu Miao, right, owner of JF Books, looks at his phone as customers browse the books in his bookstore in Washington, Thursday, Oct. 3, 2024. (AP Photo/Ben Curtis)

Yu Miao, right, owner of JF Books, looks at his phone as customers browse the books in his bookstore in Washington, Thursday, Oct. 3, 2024. (AP Photo/Ben Curtis)

Piles of boxes with books and other belongings are seen inside the shuttered secondhand bookstore "Wang Pangzi" in Ningbo, in eastern China's Zhejiang province, Oct. 9, 2024. (AP Photo/Dake Kang)

Piles of boxes with books and other belongings are seen inside the shuttered secondhand bookstore "Wang Pangzi" in Ningbo, in eastern China's Zhejiang province, Oct. 9, 2024. (AP Photo/Dake Kang)