A desert area with scattered plots of agricultural land with features that closely matched the description of the al-Qadisiyah battle site described in historic texts. The Arab army prevailed in that battle and continued on its march into Persia, now Iran. Abu Sakhir district- southern Najaf, Iraq, Sunday, Nov.10, 2024. (AP Photo/Hadi Mizban)

Dr Jaafar al Jotheri holds satellite images and explores the site of the Battle of al-Qadisiyah, which was fought in Mesopotamia - present-day Iraq - in the 630s AD between Arab Muslims and the army of the Sassanid Persian dynasty during a period of Muslim expansion. Abu Sakhir district- southern Najaf, Iraq, Sunday, Nov.10, 2024. (AP Photo/Hadi Mizban)

Dr Jaafar al Jotheri holds satellite images and explores the site of the Battle of al-Qadisiyah, which was fought in Mesopotamia - present-day Iraq - in the 630s AD between Arab Muslims and the army of the Sassanid Persian dynasty during a period of Muslim expansion. Abu Sakhir district- southern Najaf, Iraq, Sunday, Nov.10, 2024. (AP Photo/Hadi Mizban)

Dr Jaafar al Jotheri holds satellite images and explores the site of the Battle of al-Qadisiyah, which was fought in Mesopotamia - present-day Iraq - in the 630s AD between Arab Muslims and the army of the Sassanid Persian dynasty during a period of Muslim expansion. Abu Sakhir district- southern Najaf, Iraq, Sunday, Nov.10, 2024. (AP Photo/Hadi Mizban)

A desert area with scattered plots of agricultural land with features that closely matched the description of the al-Qadisiyah battle site described in historic texts. The Arab army prevailed in that battle and continued on its march into Persia, now Iran. Abu Sakhir district- southern Najaf, Iraq, Sunday, Nov.10, 2024. (AP Photo/Hadi Mizban)